Important Formulas for CBSE Class 10 Board Exams – Physics, Chemistry & Maths

Physics Formulas (Class 10 CBSE)

1. Electricity (Chapter 12)

• Ohm’s Law:V=IRV=IR(V = Voltage, I = Current, R = Resistance)
• Resistance in Series:Rtotal=R1+R2+R3+…Rtotal​=R1​+R2​+R3​+…
• Resistance in Parallel:1Rtotal=1R1+1R2+1R3+…Rtotal​1​=R1​1​+R2​1​+R3​1​+…
• Electrical Power (P):P=VI=I2R=V2RP=VI=I2R=RV2​
• Heating Effect of Current (Joule’s Law):H=I2RtH=I2Rt

2. Light – Reflection & Refraction (Chapter 10)

• Mirror Formula:1f=1v+1uf1​=v1​+u1​(f = Focal length, v = Image distance, u = Object distance)
• Magnification (m):m=hiho=−vum=ho​hi​​=−uv​
• Refractive Index (n):n=sin⁡isin⁡rn=sinrsini​
• Lens Formula:1f=1v−1uf1​=v1​−u1​
• Power of a Lens (P):P=1f(f in meters)P=f1​(f in meters)

Chemistry Formulas (Class 10 CBSE)

1. Chemical Reactions & Equations (Chapter 1)

• Combustion of Methane:CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2OCH4​+2O2​→CO2​+2H2​O
• Photosynthesis:6CO2+6H2O→SunlightC6H12O6+6O26CO2​+6H2​OSunlight​C6​H12​O6​+6O2​

2. Acids, Bases & Salts (Chapter 2)

• pH Formula:pH=−log⁡[H+]pH=−log[H+]
• Neutralization Reaction:Acid+Base→Salt+WaterAcid+Base→Salt+Water
• Baking Soda Formation:NaCl+H2O+CO2+NH3→NH4Cl+NaHCO3NaCl+H2​O+CO2​+NH3​→NH4​Cl+NaHCO3​

Mathematics Formulas (Class 10 CBSE)

1. Algebra

• Quadratic Formula:x=−b±b2−4ac2ax=2a−b±b2−4ac​​
• Arithmetic Progression (AP):
  • nth Term:an=a+(n−1)dan​=a+(n−1)d
  • Sum of n Terms:Sn=n2[2a+(n−1)d]Sn​=2n​[2a+(n−1)d]

2. Geometry

• Pythagoras Theorem:a2+b2=c2a2+b2=c2
• Area of Circle:A=πr2A=πr2
• Surface Area & Volume:
  • Cylinder:Volume=πr2hVolume=πr2hCurved Surface Area=2πrhCurved Surface Area=2πrh
  • Cone:Volume=13πr2hVolume=31​πr2hSlant Height (l)=r2+h2Slant Height (l)=r2+h2​

3. Trigonometry

• Trigonometric Ratios:sin⁡θ=OppositeHypotenuse,cos⁡θ=AdjacentHypotenuse,tan⁡θ=OppositeAdjacentsinθ=HypotenuseOpposite​,cosθ=HypotenuseAdjacent​,tanθ=AdjacentOpposite​
• Trigonometric Identity:sin⁡2θ+cos⁡2θ=1sin2θ+cos2θ=1

Final Tips for Formula Revision

✔ Write formulas daily in a notebook.
✔ Solve numerical problems to apply them.
✔ Use flashcards for quick memorization.
✔ Practice previous year papers to identify frequently used formulas.

Conclusion

These Class 10 CBSE Board Exam formulas are essential for Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics. Keep this guide handy for last-minute revision and boost your confidence before exams!

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